Which agent is used for resistant MDR?
Which agent is used for resistant MDR?
Fluoroquinolones are often the most effective anti-TB drugs in an MDR-TB regimen.
How is MDR-TB transmitted?
Drug-susceptible TB and drug-resistant TB are spread the same way. TB bacteria are put into the air when a person with TB disease of the lungs or throat coughs, sneezes, speaks, or sings. These bacteria can float in the air for several hours, depending on the environment.
Is ethambutol bacteriostatic or bactericidal?
Ethambutol is a medication used in the management and treatment of tuberculosis. It is a bacteriostatic drug that inhibits cell wall synthesis.
Which of the following antimicrobials is effective against mycobacteria?
Tigecycline, tobramycin, clarithromycin and amikacin were most effective at broad inhibition of rapid-growing mycobacteria; whereas, amikacin, clarithromycin, and rifampin were effective at inhibiting all slow-growing Mycobacterium marinum strains tested.
What are the five anti-TB drugs?
The WHO group 5 drug classification refers to anti-TB drugs with unclear efficacy or an unclear role in MDR-TB treatment (9). These include thiacetazone, linezolid, high-dose isoniazid, clofazimine, amoxicillin with clavulanate, macrolides, carbapenem, and thioridazine.
Is MDR-TB transmissible?
The evidence is strong that MDR and XDR TB are being transmitted among individuals, and even some previously treated patients show primary drug resistance.
Which tuberculosis drug is bacteriostatic?
Ethionamide (Trecator) Ethionamide is a second-line drug that is bacteriostatic or bactericidal against M tuberculosis, depending on the concentration of the drug attained at the site of infection.
Is pyrazinamide bacteriostatic or bactericidal?
Pyrazinamide is bactericidal for M. tuberculosis, particularly when bacilli are found inside macrophages or other similarly acidic environments. Pyrazinamide exerts maximal effect during the first 2 months of therapy, and its use allows treatment duration to be shortened to 6 months.
What is the first-line drug for TB?
First-line agents for treatment of active TB consist of isoniazid, a rifamycin (rifampin or [less frequently] either rifapentine or rifabutin), pyrazinamide, and ethambutol; in addition, moxifloxacin is a first-line agent when administered in combination with isoniazid, rifapentine, and pyrazinamide [6].
What is multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB)?
The bacteria that cause tuberculosis (TB) can develop resistance to the antimicrobial drugs used to cure the disease. Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) is TB that does not respond to at least isoniazid and rifampicin, the 2 most powerful anti-TB drugs.
What is drug-resistant tuberculosis?
Another class of TB is MDR-TB which is a form of drug-resistant TB in which, Mtb acquires resistance to and can no longer be killed by at least two first-line antibiotics, isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF), the two most potent drugs commonly used to cure TB. Welcome to the 20th part of the multi-part series on Tuberculosis, abbreviated as TB.
What drugs are used to treat extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR)?
These drugs are used to treat all persons with TB disease. What is extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR TB)? Extensively drug resistant TB (XDR TB) is a rare type of MDR TB that is resistant to isoniazid and rifampin, plus any fluoroquinolone and at least one of three injectable second-line drugs (i.e., amikacin, kanamycin, or capreomycin).
How can I prevent the spread of MDR TB?
The most important thing a person can do to prevent the spread of MDR TB is to take all of their medications exactly as prescribed by their health care provider. No doses should be missed and treatment should not be stopped early. Patients should tell their health care provider if they are having trouble taking the medications.